Bir kecha eshigimiz ostida bolalarning shovqini yangradi. Jo‘rovoz qo‘shiqsifat she’rga qiziqsinib derazadan boqdim. Onam esa taraddudlanib qoldi. Opamga pul tutqazib, ularga berishini aytdi.
Sal o‘tmay yana boshqalari keldi. Onam bu safar bir siqim konfet berdi. Opam: “Men shu konfetni beramanmi, uyalaman”, dedi. Onamning o‘zi olib chiqdi. Men o‘shanda birinchi bor “Ramazon”ni eshitganman. Kelasi yili ko‘chamizdagilar bilan ramazon aytishga ham kelishganmiz. Shunda sinfdoshlarimdan biri: “Kecha hamsoyalaring ustimizdan suv quyib yubordi. Borib yotmanglar”, — dedi. Men ramazon ayta olmadim. Ammo, bugun elas-elas yodlaganlarimni eslar ekanman, bolalik shavqi yo‘g‘rilgan bu ajib she’rlarning asl zavqini hamma ham tuymas ekanligini his etdim. Ramazon aytishni tilanchilik kabi baholaganlar-u uni elning milliy udumiga aylanib qolganligini ta’kidlaganlar bilan ham tanishman. Bolaligimni eslaganimda o‘g‘li yo‘q Bobosh aka (ismini hozir ham bilmayman) ramazon ayttirib pul beraverardi. Tengdoshlarim yo‘lning o‘rtasida baralla baland ovozda takror-takror ramazon aytaverardi. Men esa hozir ustimdan suv sepib yuborishadigandek jimgina turardim. Ularni kuzatardim. Bolalar esa bitta ramazonni qayta-qayta aytardi:
Ramazon aytib keldik eshigingizga,
Qo‘chqorday o‘g‘il bersin beshigingizga,
Yo Ramazon, yo Ramazon!!!
Mening ong-u shuurimda esa: “Bundan zo‘rlari bor-ku, nega shularni aytmaydi garanglar (o‘shanda garang degan gap bizning kundalik nutqimizda ko‘ngilga tegadigan emas, siylaydigan gap bo‘lgan, nazarimda. Tilimizdan tushmasdi)” degan fikr aylanardi.
Har yili xayr-u rahmat, saxovat oyi — Ramazon kelganida bolaligimdagi nurli sahifalar kinotasma yanglig‘ jonlanadi. Ko‘ksimda uxlab yotgan orziqish, qo‘msash, sog‘inch baralla ramazon ayta boshlaydi:
Ro‘zani uch kun tutib keldik sizga,
Ro‘zaning zakotini bering bizga.
Ramazon aytgan bilan to‘yamizmi,
Burungining qa’dasini qo‘yamizmi?
Bobosh akaning 5-6-sinflarda o‘qiydigan o‘g‘li bu yil ham ramazon aytib keldi. Bobosh akadek quvnab-yashnab, sochaloq sochar darajada bo‘lmasa-da pul berar ekanman, Bobosh akaning umidi, qutlug‘ oyda qilingan duolari ijobati ro‘paramda ekanini ich-ichimdan his etdim.
***
Finlyandiyalik Benjamin ismli yigit o‘zbek tilida kuylagan Ramazonini tinglab, ham xursandchilik, ham g‘urur tuydim. O‘ylaganim — “Yo Ramazon”ning ham tarixi bormikan?
— Ramazon aytish qadimda birmuncha boshqacharoq bo‘lgan. Ilgari ro‘za o‘ttiz kun bo‘lsa, ramazon qo‘shig‘i o‘ttizta ko‘chada yangragan, — deydi tarix fani o‘qituvchisi O‘g‘iloy Adirova. — Har bir ko‘chada faqat bir martagina ramazon aytilgan. Ular bir bor ramazon aytgan ko‘chalarida qayta ramazon aytmagan. Qolaversa, ramazonni hozirgiga o‘xshab, kichik yoshdagi bolalar emas, uyla-nish arafasidagi, alohida tayyorgarlik ko‘rgan o‘spirin yigitlardan biri yakkaxon tarzda aytgan. Qolganlar esa unga jo‘r bo‘lgan. Ikki yonida ikki yosh bola esa ehson uchun xurjun ko‘tarib yurgan. Ramazon aytish ilgarilari xonadonlar eshigining tagida emas, ko‘chaning o‘rtasida aytilgan. Agar kimda-kim ehson qilmoqchi bo‘lsa, o‘zi borib xurjunga narsa solgan. Ba’zan farzandi yo‘q, mushkuloti ko‘p insonlar bir oshlik masalliqni ehson sifatida bergan. So‘ng yigitlar yig‘ilgan narsalarni qo‘yib, har kim qilgan mehnatiga yarasha mol taqsimot qilishgan.
Kimdir tilanchilik deya baho bergan ramazon aytish, aslida, bolalarimizni adolatli bo‘lishga o‘rgatadi. Elga suyunchi so‘rab kelgan bola yanglig‘ ramazonchilarning baralla kuylayotgan qo‘shig‘idan butun vujudim yay-rab ta’sirlanaman, shodlanaman:
O‘choqda kul, karmonda pul,
Chiqara qoling ming so‘m pul.
Bola tilida yanada yo-qimli qo‘shiqning gashtini men ramazon aytmay his etar ekanman, ramazon aytganlarning tuygan zavqi olam-jahondir. Bu jarayon, ramazon aytishning o‘ziyoq insonlarda oqibatni, mehr-muhabbatni, birdamlikni shakllantirgani shaksiz. Keksa otaxonlarimizning bir osh ustida qurayotgan suhbati-yu yaxshi-yomon kunida yo‘qlovlarining aks-sadosi singari ko‘nglimda ishtiyoq uyg‘otaveradi…
— Ramazon vaqt o‘t-gach, xonadonlarga kirib aytiladigan bo‘lgan, — deydi O‘g‘iloy Adirova. — Muborak oyda muqaddas qo‘shiq yangramagan xonadon o‘zini tahqirlangandek his qilgan. Aslida, eski davrda hozirgiday aloqa vositalari bo‘lmaganligi sababli har bir hudud keksalari belgili bir joyga oy ko‘rishga chiqqan. Hilolni ko‘rgach, ramazon oyi kirganligini bildirish uchun ramazonchilar xizmatidan foydalangan. Xursandchilik ulashgan bolalar alohida e’zozlangan.
***
Ramazon qo‘shiqlarining matni zamonaviylashgani ham bor gap. Mazmunan bola tiliga o‘rnashgan, pul so‘rashga moyillashgan. Ramazonchi bolakaylar muqaddas oyning mohiyatini bilishmagani qo‘-shiq matnlari siyqalashganiga sabab ham… “Bolalardan o‘rgandik” deya og‘izdan og‘izga ko‘chirib kelayotgan ramazon qo‘shiqlari matnining saviyasi boshqa masala. Uning quvonchi muhim. Shuningdek, ramazonning asl mohiyatini bolalar unutmasa, dildan his etsa, qadriyat dildan dilga, tildan tilga ko‘chib boraveradi.
— O‘zbek marosim folklorining qadimiy janrlaridan biri hisoblangan “Yo ramazon” qo‘shiqlari O‘zbekistonning barcha viloyatlarida keng tarqalgan, — deydi O‘g‘iloy Adirova. — Xalq orasida yo ramazon, rabiman, rabigon, rayvon, ramazon, ravan, rabibon, o‘rebezon kabi nomlar bilan ataladi. Ro‘za kunlari ana shunday qo‘shiqlarni kuylovchilar ramazonchilar yoki rayvanchilar deb yuritilgan.
Ramazon oyining daragi bo‘lib mahallalarda yangragan “Yo Ramazon” avlodlarimiz tomonidan mazmunan to‘q, ko‘ngilga muborak oyning yorug‘ umidlarini baxsh etadigan bo‘lib kuylanishda davom etaversin.
Xurshid KARSHIYEV
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