Prezidentimiz tomonidan kuni-kecha qabul qilingan «Sudlar faoliyatini yanada takomillashtirish va odil sudlov samaradorligini oshirishga doir qoʻshimcha chora-tadbirlar toʻgʻrisida»gi Farmoni fuqarolarning sudlarga boʻlgan ishonchini…
Prezidentimiz tomonidan kuni-kecha qabul qilingan «Sudlar faoliyatini yanada takomillashtirish va odil sudlov samaradorligini oshirishga doir qoʻshimcha chora-tadbirlar toʻgʻrisida»gi Farmoni fuqarolarning sudlarga boʻlgan ishonchini mustahkamlashda, odil sudlovga erishishda qolaversa, qonuniy sud qarorlarini qabul qilishda muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Ushbu Farmon sud-huquq islohotlarni mutlaqo yangi bosqichga olib chiqish va mavjud muammolar yechimiga qaratilgandir.
Barchamizga maʼlumki, hozirga qadar viloyat darajasida fuqarolik ishlari boʻyicha, jinoyat ishlari boʻyicha, mamuriy ishlari boʻyicha sudlar va iqtisodiy sudlar mavjud edi. Mazkur Farmon bilan mazkur sudlar birlashtirilib, sudyalarning qatʼiy ixtisoslashuvini saqlab qolgan va sud ishlarini yuritish turlari boʻyicha alohida sudlov hayʼatlarini tashkil etgan holda umumyurisdiktsiya sudlari tashkil etiladi.
Endilikda, maʼmuriy va boshqa ommaviy huquqiy munosabatlardan kelib chiqadigan ishlarni koʻrishga ixtisoslashtirilgan maʼmuriy sudlarini tashkil etish, shu munosabat bilan tuman (shahar) maʼmuriy sudlarini tugatish hamda Qoraqalpogʻiston Respublikasi, viloyatlar va Toshkent shahar maʼmuriy sudlari saqlab qolinishi nazarda tutilmoqda. Bundan tashqari, maʼmuriy huquqbuzarliklar toʻgʻrisidagi ishlarni koʻrib chiqish vakolati maʼmuriy sudlardan jinoyat ishlari boʻyicha sudlarga oʻtkazish belgilanmoqda. Eng muximi, maʼmuriy sudlar maʼmuriy va boshqa ommaviy huquqiy munosabatlardan kelib chiqadigan ishlarni koʻrishga yanada kuchliroq ixtisoslashishiga imkon boʻladi. Bu esa, maʼmuriy va boshqa ommaviy huquqiy munosabatlar sohasida fuqarolar va yuridik shaxslarning buzilgan yoki nizolashilayotgan huquqlari, erkinliklari va qonuniy manfaatlarini himoya qilinishiga bundan keyin ham katta eʼtibor qaratilishini taminlaydi.
Shuni ham alohida takidlash joizki, sud tomonidan tegishli qaror qabul qilib boʻlingan soʻng sud ishlarini prokuror tomonidan oʻz tashabbusiga koʻra chaqirib olib oʻrganish amaliyoti mavjud edi. Endilikda esa, Farmon bilan prokuror tomonidan sudning qonuniy kuchga kirgan hukmi, hal qiluv qarori, ajrimi yoki qarori boʻyicha ishlarni, ushbu ishlar yuzasidan taraflar murojaati mavjud boʻlgan holdagina, suddan chaqirib olib oʻrganish tizimi joriy qilinmoqda. Bu esa prokuror vakolatini maʼlum maʼnoda qisqarishi, prokurorning oʻz tashabbusiga koʻra sud ishlarini oʻrganish amaliyotiga ham barham beriladi.
Fuqarolik va iqtisodiy ishlarning koʻrilishida prokurorning sudda ishtiroki ham kamayadi, jumladan, qonunda nazarda tutilgan hollardan tashqari sudlarda boshqa shaxslarning tashabbusi bilan qoʻzgʻatilgan fuqarolik va iqtisodiy ishlarning koʻrilishida prokuror oʻz tashabbusi bilan ishtirok etishini istisno etish hollari ham nazarda tutilgan.
Farmon bilan fuqarolik va iqtisodiy ishlarning koʻrilishida prokurorning sudda ishtirokining qisqartirilishi xususiy-huquqiy munosabatlar doirasidagi nizolarning taraflar oʻrtasida, prokuror aralashuvisiz, oʻzaro hal qilinishi imkoniyatlarini ham kengaytiradi.
Ushbu Farmon bilan sudyalar maqomini kuchaytirishga qaratilgan bir qancha yangiliklar nazarda tutilgan. Jumladan, barcha sudyalar va sud apparati xodimlarining ish haqi va qoʻshimcha toʻlovlari toʻliqligicha davlat byudjeti mablagʻlari hisobidan moliyalashtirishga oʻtkazilmoqda. Shuningdek, sudyalarga nisbatan intizomiy ish faqat sudyalarning tegishli malaka hayʼatlari tomonidan qoʻzgʻatilishini nazarda tutgan holda, sudyalarning intizomiy javobgarligi, intizomiy ishni qoʻzgʻatish va koʻrib chiqish tartibi takomillashtirilmoqda hamda sudyalar vakolatlarini toʻxtatib turish, shuningdek, tugatish asoslari va tartibi yanada aniqlashtirilmoqda.
Xulosa oʻrnida aytish mumkinki, Farmonda nazarda tutilgan yangiliklarning amaliyotga joriy etilishi bilan sudyalar mustaqilligi yeuchayadi, odil sudlovni amalga oshirish samaradorligi yanada oshadi.
Alisher Jalilov,
Jinoyat ishlari boʻyicha Boysun tuman sudining raisi
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