Qon tomir devorlarining qon oqimiga nisbatan koʻrsatgan qarshilik kuchi normal qon bosimini paydo qiladi. Sogʻlom kishi organizmidagi qon tomirlar kengayib-torayish xususiyatiga ega. Shuning uchun u muhitga moslashib, oʻrtacha…
Qon tomir devorlarining qon oqimiga nisbatan koʻrsatgan qarshilik kuchi normal qon bosimini paydo qiladi. Sogʻlom kishi organizmidagi qon tomirlar kengayib-torayish xususiyatiga ega. Shuning uchun u muhitga moslashib, oʻrtacha muvozanatda turadi. Baʼzi oilalarda barcha kishilarning qon bosimi pastlikka moyil boʻladi. Ayrim oilalarda esa aksincha, bosim yuqoriroq koʻrsatkichlari ega boʻladi. Agar turli taʼsirlar natijasida tomirlarning kengayish yoki torayish muvozanati buzilsa. Shu bilan birga bunday buzilish bir oz muddat saqlanib qolsa, kasallik alomatlari paydo boʻladi.
Gipertoniya yuzaga kelishi sabalari
Tomir faoliyatidagi bunday oʻzgarish faqatgina bosh miya faoliyatigagina bogʻliq boʻlmaydi. Balki asabiy qoʻzgʻatuvchi tashqi va ichki taʼsir kuchiga ham bogʻliq. Ayniqsa buyrak, yurak va tomir kasalligi qon bosimining oʻzgarishiga sabab boʻlishi mumkin. Kishi turmushi tinch, osoyishta boʻlishiga qaramasdan qop bosimi sutka davomida chiqib, tushib turadi. Odatda kunning birinchi yarmida qon bosimi normaga yaqin boʻladi. Ikkinchi yarmida esa bir oz koʻtariladi, kechasi esa normaga yaqinlashadi.
Gipertoniyaning yoshiga bogʻliqligi
Qon bosimi koʻproq qaysi yoshdagi odamlarda koʻtariladi, degan savol koʻpchilikni qiziqtiradi. Gipertoniya hamma yoshdagi kishilarda uchrashi mumkin. Lekin yoshlarda koʻproq buyrak, yurak va boshqa ichki organlar kasalliklarida qon bosimi koʻtariladi. Oʻrta yashar kishilarda gipertoniya kasalligi boshqa kasalliklarga qaraganda koʻproq uchraydi. Katta yoshli kishilarda 50 — 60 yoshdan soʻng qon tomirlar skleroz boʻlib qolgani natijasida bosim koʻtariladi. Sklerozda bosimning yuqori darajasi koʻtarilib, pastkisi past darajada turadi.
Qon bosimini tabiatan yuqori boʻlishi
Baʼzi kishilarda qon bosimi baland boʻlishiga tugma moyillik boʻlishi mumkin, boshqalarda esa turmushdagi salbiy qoʻzgʻatuvchi taʼsirida qon bosimi koʻtariladi. Ayniqsa bosh miya kasalligida va baʼzi ichki kasalliklarda qon bosimining koʻtarilishi kuzatiladi. Oiladagi bir necha kishida gipertoniya yani bosimni normadan ortiqroq boʻlishi kasallikka tugʻma moyillik borligiga dalil boʻla oladi. Bunday oila aʼzolari koʻpchiligida qon bosimi darajalari bir xilda koʻtarilgan boʻladi.
Gipertoniya qanday kasallik
Qon bosimining ham ustki, ham pastki darajasi koʻtariladigan boʻlsa, bu gipertoniya kasalligi deb yuritiladi. Odamlarda gipertoniyaga nisbatan tugʻma moyillik boʻlganda bosim 25 — 30 yosh oralarida koʻtariladi. Bosimning koʻtarilishiga tashqi muhitning yomon taʼsirlari sabab boʻladi. Kasallik asta-sekin rivojlana boradi, bemorning jahli tez chiqib, boʻlar-boʻlmasga tajang boʻlaveradi, boshi ogʻriydi, uyqusi buziladi. Lekin bemorga tinch, xotirjam sharoit yaratilganda bu alomatlar oʻzicha davosiz oʻtib ketishi mumkin.
Biroq keyinchalik yillar oʻtgan sari bosh ogʻrigʻi kuchayib, doimiyga aylanib qolishi mumkin. Ogʻriq boshning orqa tomonida paydo boʻladi, tomir gupillab urayotgandek boʻladi, ayrim bemorlarning ikkala chakkasi ogʻriydi, jahli tez chiqadi, tez charchaydi, xotirasi susayadi, fikrini toʻplash qiyinlashadi, baʼzan boʻshashib, kayfiyati buziladi, yaxshi uxlay olmaydi, koʻp tush koʻradi. Alomatlar oldiniga bosim koʻtarilganda sezilsa, keyinchalik bosim normada turganda ham paydo boʻlishi mumkin. Gipertoniya kasalligi boshlangan davrda bosim koʻtarilib turadigan boʻlib qoladi, keyinchalik esa uni normaga tushirish qiyin boʻladi, yuqorida aytilgan kasallik alomatlari esa doimiy boʻlib qoladi. Agar bemor yaxshi davolansa, yurak atrofida va bosh miyada qon aylanishi buzilmasligi mumkin.
Gipertoniya oldini olish
Qon bosimi baland boʻlishining oldini olish uchun avvalo uning sababini sinchiklab tekshirib koʻrish lozim. Mabodo bosim tashqi muhit salbiy taʼsirlari sababli koʻtarilayotgan boʻlsa. Darhol bemor oʻz asab sistemasini tinchlantiruvchi dori-darmonlardan foydalanishi kerak.
Yuqori qon bosimini davolash
Buning uchun vaqti-vaqti bilan brom, valeriana, passit, valosedan dorilaridan ichish lozim. Vaqtida dam olish, kundalik rejimga rioya qilish maqsadga muvofiq boʻladi. Bosimi surunkali koʻtarilib turadigan kishilar albatta mutaxassis vrachlar bilan maslahatlashib davolashganlari maʼqul. Va, albatta, organizmingizdagi oʻzgarishlarni nazorat qilish va ularni tartibga solish, oʻz vaqtida dori preparatlarini qabul qilish uchun muntazam ravishda shifokor koʻrigidan oʻtish tavsiya qilinadi.
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