Laylatul qadr

Bismillahir Rohmanir Rohiym.
Alloh taologa bitmas-tuganmas hamdu sanolar boʻlsin.
Paygʻambarimizga mukammal va batamom salavotu durudlar boʻlsin.

Alloh taolo Qurʼoni Karimda shunday marhamat qiladi:

«Albatta, Biz u(Qurʼon)ni Qadr kechasida tushirdik. Qadr kechasi nima ekanligini senga nima bildirdi? Qadr kechasi ming oydan yaxshidir. Unda farishtalar va Ruh Robbilari izni bilan barcha ishlar uchun tushadir. U to tong otguncha salom (tinchlik)dir», degan («Qadr» surasi, 1-5-oyatlar).

Sharh: Ushbu suraning nomi birinchi oyatidagi «Laylatul Qadr» kalimasidan olingan. 

Bu muborak kecha ikki xil maʼnoda «qadr» deb ataladi. Birinchisi – «qadr», yaʼni qadri ulugʻ, ikkinchisi – «qadar», yaʼni bandalarning qadarini belgilashdir.

Chunki Qadr kechasi qadri ulugʻ kechadir. Qadr kechasida bandalarning bir yillik qadarlari – taqdirlari belgilanadi va surai karima boshidan oxirigacha muborak Qadr kechasiga bagʻishlangandir.

Barcha xalqlarda oʻtgan ulugʻ kishilarni, mashhur kunlar, dasturlar yoki boshqa munosabatlarni bayram qilish odat tusiga kirgan. Ular ana shu bayramlarda yeb-ichish, oʻynab-kulish, aroqxoʻrlik, turli fisqu fujurni xohlagancha qilishga qulay fursat topadilar.

Islomda esa bayram oʻziga xos boʻladi. Ilohiy dastur bayrami boʻlmish Qadr kechasi shulardan bittasidir.

Chunki xuddi shu kechada Qurʼoni Karim nozil etila boshlagan. Bu bayramda qalbni poklash, vijdonni sayqallash imkoni bor. Allohga yaqinlik hosil qilish uchun ham bu kechada bedor boʻlib, uxlamasdan ibodat qilinadi.

Qadr surasida Alloh taoloning musulmonlarga Oʻzi bergan ulkan neʼmati – ularni zulmatdan nurga olib chiqqan Qurʼoni Karimni nozil qilganini eslatishi bejiz emas.

Shu oʻrinda siz azizlarga «Qadr» surasining batafsil sharhini bayon etishni lozim topdik.

Bismillahir rohmanir rohiym.

1. «Albatta, Biz u(Qurʼon)ni Qadr kechasida tushirdik».

Bu oyati karimada zikr qilinayotgan Qurʼoni Karimning tushirilishi uning Lavhul Mahfuzdan bu dunyo osmoniga tushirilishidir. 

Bu maʼno Ibn Abbos roziyallohu anhudan rivoyat qilingan hadisda keltirilgan. Ana shu hodisa Qadr kechasida sodir boʻlganligini ushbu oyati karima ochiq bayon etib turibdi. 

Qurʼoni Karim Paygʻambarimiz sollallohu alayhi vasallamga bu dunyo osmonidan boʻlib-boʻlib, yigirma uch yil davomida tushirilgan.

Demak, bu oyati karimaning maʼnosi «Biz Qurʼonni Lavhul Mahfuzdan bu dunyo osmoniga Qadr kechasida tushirdik», degani boʻladi.

2. «Qadr kechasi nima ekanligini senga nima bildirdi?»

Yaʼni, uning haqiqatini, fazlini toʻla tushunishing qiyin. Shuning uchun uni Oʻzimiz aytib beramiz.

3. «Qadr kechasi ming oydan yaxshidir».

Chunki bu kechada Qurʼon nozil boʻlgan va bu kechadagi ibodatning fazli ming oylik ibodatdan afzal.

Mana shu oyatning tafsirida alloma Ibn Kasiyr jumladan quyidagilarni yozganlar: 

«Bir kishining siloh olib, Allohning yoʻlida ming oy jihod qilganligi rivoyat qilindi. Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam va musulmonlar bundan ajablandilar. 

Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam ummatlariga ham shunday boʻlishini orzu qilib: 

«Ey Robbim, mening ummatimni ummatlar ichida umri qisqa, amali oz qilding!» dedilar.

«Laylatul Qadr senga va ummatingga oʻsha odam jihod qilgan ming oydan yaxshiroqdir», dedi Alloh taolo».

Qadr kechasining yana bir faziylati quyidagi oyatda bayon qilinadi:

4. «Unda farishtalar va Ruh Robbilari izni bilan barcha ishlar uchun tushadir».

Bu oyatdagi «Ruh»dan murod Jabroil alayhissalomdir. Qadr kechasida Jabroil alayhissalom boshchiliklarida farishtalar Alloh taolo kelasi yilgacha taqdir qilgan ishlar bilan tushadilar. Bu ham Qadr kechasining sharafini oshiradi.

Qadr kechasining uchinchi faziylati quyidagi oyati karimada bayon qilinadi:

5. «U to tong otguncha salom (tinchlik)dir».

Yaʼni Qadr kechasi tong otguncha salom va tinchlik-omonlik kechasidir. Unda farishtalar moʻminlarga salom beradilar. Unda Alloh taolo insonlarga faqat tinchlik-omonlikni taqdir qiladi.

Muhammad sollallohu alayhi vasallam: «Kimki Qadr kechasini iymon va savob umidida bedor oʻtkazsa, uning barcha gunohlari kechiriladi», deganlar. 

Bu kechani bedor oʻtkazish esa namoz oʻqish, duo qilish, istigʻfor aytish va Qurʼon qiroati bilan boʻladi.

«Hadis va hayot» kitobidan

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