Deputatning fikricha, monopol kompaniyalarni «parchalab», aktivlarini bozorga olib chiqish kerak

Monopolist korxona taqdim etilayotgan xizmatlar sifatini yaxshilashga intilmaydi, xodimlarning professionalligini oshirishga mablagʻ kiritmaydi.

Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti Shavkat Mirziyoyev 28 may kuni iqtisodiyotda raqobat muhitini taʼminlash va isteʼmolchilar huquqini himoya qilish borasidagi ustuvor vazifalar muhokamasiga bagʻishlangan yigʻilishda Oʻzbekiston bozor iqtisodiyotiga qatʼiy oʻtishi jarayonida raqobat masalasi printsipial ahamiyatga ega ekanini taʼkidlab, hukumat oldiga bir necha savol qoʻydilar:

— korxonalarimiz tashqi raqobatga bardosh bera oladimi?

— chetdan tovar kirib kelsa, yurtimizda ishlab chiqarilgan xuddi shunday mahsulot unga raqobatchi boʻla oladimi?

Prezidentimiz fikrlarini davom ettirib, «Raqobat boʻlmasa, sifat boʻlmaydi, narx tushmaydi. Zamon oʻzgaryapti, lekin monopol korxonalar oʻzgara olmayapti. Qatʼiy choralar koʻrish vaqti-soati keldi», deb alohida taʼkidladilar.

Shu kecha-kunduzda respublikamiz uchun raqobat va monopoliya oʻrtasidagi munosabatlar zamonaviy iqtisodiyot va davlat iqtisodiy siyosatining dolzarb muammolaridan biri boʻlib qolmoqda.

Jahon tajribasi shuni koʻrsatadiki, davlatning antimonopol siyosati oʻnlab yillar davomida shakllangan va iqtisodiy muhitning oʻzgaruvchanligi tufayli doimiy takomillashib borishni talab qiladi. Demak biz ham, jahon tajribasidan kelib chiqib, monopoliyaga qarshi kurashda «qatʼiy choralar koʻrish»imiz kerak.

Yuqoridagilardan kelib chiqqan holda, umuman olganda, har qanday sohaga, masalan, energetika tizimi korxonalarning energiya sotish faoliyati bilan bogʻliq quyidagi asosiy muammolarga eʼtibor qarataylik:

elektr energetika kompaniyalarining isteʼmolchilar bilan munosabatlari dunyoda qabul qilingan standartlardan uzoqligi;

energiya isteʼmolchilariga muntazam ravishda debitorlik qarzlari mavjudligi;

isteʼmolchi bilan kommunikatsiya siyosatining yoʻqligi va isteʼmolchilar manfaatlariga eʼtibor bermasligi va boshqalar.

Afsuski, bu kabi muammolar koʻpgina yirik kompaniyalarimizga xosdir.

Bularning barchasi yillar davomida iqtisodiyotimizda monopolistik tendentsiyalar shakllanishi ichki bozorning tuzilishi va bozor munosabatlarini toʻla shakllanmasligiga hamda ichki monopoliyaga qarshi qonunning nomukammalligini natijasidir.

Bu degani, monopol korxonalar uchun ishlab chiqarish samaradorligini oshirish rivojlanishning asosiy vositasi emas. Bundan biz ayanchli xulosa chiqarishimiz mumkin:

monopolist korxona taqdim etilayotgan xizmatlar sifatini yaxshilashga intilmaydi, xodimlarning professionalligini oshirishga mablagʻ kiritmaydi, tabiiyki bular barchasi korxona tomonidan koʻrsatilayotgan xizmatlar sifatiga salbiy izini qoldiradi.

Sifatsiz xizmat uchun isteʼmolchilar ham toʻlovlarni amalga oshirishda shoshilmaydilar. Oqibatda, moliyaviy beqarorlik tizim korxonalarini ishlab chiqarish faoliyatini qiyinlashtiradi. Xizmatni qimmatlashishga olib keladi. Eng yomoni kapital qoʻyilmalarning tizimga kiritmaslik sohada zarur innovatsion jarayonlarni amalga oshirishga, taʼminot uchun toʻlovlarni amalga oshirishga, mavjud boʻlgan asosiy vositalarga toʻliq xizmat koʻrsatishga va hokazolarga imkon bermaydi.

Bundan moliyaviy «tanqis» holatlarda monopol tizim korxonalari nima qilishlari mumkin, avvalo, taʼmirlash va texnik xizmat koʻrsatish hajmini modernizatsiya qilishni cheklash, oʻz xarajatlarini «kamaytirish» ga majbur qilmoqda, yaʼni faqat eng zarur ishlar bajariladi. Bu, oʻz navbatida, texnik nosozliklar tufayli yoʻqotishlar bilan bogʻliq quyidagi yoʻqotishlarning «zanjirli reaktsiya»ni keltirib chiqaradi.

Demak, monopollashgan iqtisodiyotda iqtisodiy inqiroz yanada halokatli oqibatlarga olib keladi, chunki bozorning moslashuvchanligi pasayadi.

Maqsadda oʻzgarish qilish kerak, yaʼni faoliyat isteʼmolchilar tomonidan elektr energiyasidan foydalanishni nazorat qilish, energiya tejash va shu bilan xarajatlarni kamaytirish uchun emas, balki isteʼmolchi quvvatidan foydalanishni optimallashtirishga qaratilishi lozim.

Modomiki, bu monopoliya orqali iqtisodiyotning barcha muhim sohalari shunchaki raqobatdan qochar ekan, boshqa qoʻshimcha tartibga solish vakolatlarini muhokama qilish meʼyoriy hujjatlarni takomillashtirish samarasiz, deb hisoblayman.

Raqobatni rivojlantirish uchun milliy iqtisodiyotda tarkibiy oʻzgarishlarni kengaytirishimiz kerak. Biz toʻlaqonli raqobat muhitini yaratish uchun monopoliyalar bilan kurashda qatʼiy boʻlib, monopol kompaniyalarni «parchalab», aktivlarini bozorga olib chiqishimiz kerak.

Nodir Jumayev,
Oliy Majlis Qonunchilik
palatasi deputati,
OʼzLiDeP fraktsiyasi aʼzosi

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