Koronavirusning yangi “AY.4.2” shtammi paydo boʻlishi ham vaktsinatsiya jarayonlariga eʼtiborli boʻlishga chorlovdir

Koronavirusning yangi “AY.4.2” shtammi aholisi 1 milliarddan ortiq boʻlgan Hindistonda aniqlanib, hozircha 17 nafar bemor roʻyxatga olingani haqida xabarlar tarqaldi. Bu shtammning yurtimizga kirib kelishi va aholi orasida tarqalish xavfi bormi? Unga qarshi kurashish uchun bizda qanday imoniyatlar bor?

Shu kabi savollarga javob olish maqsadida SSV Matbuot xizmati Sanitariya-epidemiologik osoyishtalik va jamoat salomatligi xizmati boshligʻining oʻrinbosari, tibbiyot fanlari doktori, professor Nurmat ATABEKOVga murojaat qildi:

— COVID-19ning qoʻzgʻatuvchisi boʻlgan SARS-CoV-2 virusi vaqt oʻtishi bilan yangilanib, atrof-muhitga moslashib bormoqda. Uning yangi shtammlari SARS-CoV-2ning mutatsiyaga uchrashi oqibatida paydo boʻladi. Yaʼni virus oʻzini saqlab qolish uchun qayta-qayta yangilanishga urinyapti.

Aslida tabiatda uchraydigan barcha viruslar oʻzgaruvchanlikka moyil. Baʼzi tadqiqotchilar SARS-CoV-2ning 5000 tadan 7000 tagacha boʻlgan mutatsiyaga uchragan shakli borligini daʼvo qilishadi.

Shu paytgacha odam organizmiga moslashishga urinish natijasida koronavirusning baʼzi bir shtammlari paydo boʻlganini dunyo olimlarining fikrlari isbotlab turibdi. Virus shtammlarining oʻziga xosligiga qarab “alfa”, “betta”, “gamma”, “yota”, “lyambda”, “delta”, “delta plyus” kabi shtammlari alohida ajratilgan.

Biz viruslarning u yoki bu turi aniqlangan joyga qarab ham nom berib kelyapmiz. Masalan, “britancha” shtamm deb nomlaganimiz, aslida “alfa” shtammi, “afrikancha” deb ataganimiz “betta” shtammidir. “Delta” shtammi Hindistonda aniqlangan boʻlib, hozir soʻz yuritayotganimiz “AY.4.2” shtammi ham Hindistonda aniqlangani taʼkidlanmoqda.

JSST ham koronavirusning koʻplab shtammlari orasidan yuqoridagilarni anchayin xavfli, deb eʼtirof etib, ularga eʼtiborli boʻlish shartligini taʼkidlab kelmoqda.

Unutmaslik kerakki, dunyoda paydo boʻlgan viruslarning yashash uchun kurashi tabiiy jarayon. Oramizda “menga virus yuqmaydi”, “men oʻtgan yili kasallanganman”, “endi kasal boʻlmayman”, deb yurganlar yangi, kuchli, odam organizmiga moslashgan shtammlarga yoʻliqishi ehtimoli bor.

Yangi shtammlarga qarshi kurashish haqida gapirsak, dunyo olimlari tomonidan yaratilayotgan vaktsinalar virus shtammlarining asosida turgan SARS-CoV-2ga qarshi ishlaydi. Virus mutatsiyaga uchragan taqdirda ham, vaktsinaning himoyalovchi xususiyati saqlanib qoladi.

Koronavirusning qaysi shtammiga qarshi kurashishdan qatʼi nazar, ommaviy immunitet shakllantirilsa, kasallikni yengib oʻtish mumkin. Biz xastalik qoʻzgʻatuvchisini bilamiz. Uning profilaktikasidan xabardormiz. Eng asosiysi, bizda virusga qarshi asosiy qurol boʻlgan vaktsinalarning bir necha turlari zaxirasi shakllantirilgan. Shunday ekan, aholimizdan birdamlik bilan vaktsinatsiya jarayonlariga eʼtiborli boʻlishni soʻrab qolamiz.

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