Menga Pushkin bir jahonu…

“Vesti.uz” saytida eʼlon qilingan “Oʻzbekistonda Pushkin tili uchun jarima qoʻllashmoqchi” nomli chalgʻituvchi xabar ochigʻini aytganda qip-qizil boʻhton, zamonaviy tilda aytgan esa provokatsiyadan boshqa narsa emas.
Zero men, agar Rossiya Federatsiyasi Adliya vazirligiga Navoiy tilida xat yozsam menga qaysi tilda javob yoʻllashlarini ham bilaman. Xizmat yuzasidan borganimizda, bunga koʻp guvoh boʻlganmiz. Garchi Rossiya qonunchiligida Oʻzbekiston qonunchiligi singari davlat hokimiyati va boshqaruv organlariga istalgan tilda murojaat qilish huquqi, oʻz navbatida ushbu organlarning fuqaroga murojaat tilida javob berish majburiyati qayd etilgan.
(“Rossiya Federatsiyasi xalqlarining tillari toʻgʻrisida”gi Qonunining 15-moddasi, 4-5 qismlari, “Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Jismoniy va yuridik shaxslarning murojaatlari toʻgʻrisida”gi qonunning 6-moddasi)
Insonparvarlik tamoyillarga amal qiladigan baʼzi mamlakatlarda ham shunday. Yaʼni, Navoiy tilida murojaat qilish mumkin va davlat tili bilan bir qatorda, oʻsha davlatdagi xalqlar tilida imkon qadar fuqaroga javob berilishi belgilangan. Demak, har ikkala davlat qonunlarida tolerantlik masalasi fuqaro murojaatida koʻzda tutilgan.
Lekin, oʻzini hurmat qilgan kishilar boshqa davlatga ishga borganda oʻsha davlat tilini bilishi, muloqot va murojaat qilishni oʻzlashtirishi toʻgʻri boʻladi. Axir oʻzbek mehnat muhojiridan rus tili va rus tarixi, hatto, qonunchiligi boʻyicha imtihon olinyaptiku?! Rossiyada oʻzbekistonlik mehnat muhojirlarning soni esa 2 milliondan ortiq.
Bizning yurtda esa 1 millionga yaqin rusiyzabon fuqarolarimizga oʻzbek tilini oʻrganish boʻyicha hech qanday talablar yoʻq. Oʻzbekistonda nafaqat rus, balki barcha xalqlarning tilini rivojlantirishga yetarli sharoit yaratilgan. Mamlakatimizda taʼlim sohasi ham bagʻrikenglik qadriyatidan kelib chiqib, yana 7 ta tilda tashkil etilgan. Biroq, yaqin-yaqingacha qonun tili, ish yurituv tili, kundalik hayotimizda rus tiliga ustuvorlik berilgani yangilik emas. Ikkita oʻzbek birga oʻtirsa ham rus tilida gaplashishi odatiy holga aylanganini tan olishdan boshqa ilojimiz yoʻq. Chunki mamlakatimizda Erkin Vohidov taʼbiri bilan aytganda “oʻzbekcha salomga oʻzbekcha alik” 30 yil davomida paysalga solingan.
Shu maʼnoda hali davlat tilida ish yuritilmaganlik uchun javobgarlik belgilanishi mumkinligi toʻgʻrisidagi taklif adolatdan nazarimda. RFda qonun hujjatlari avvalo davlat tilida, yaʼni rus tilida yuritiladi va bu normal holat hisoblanadi.
Bas shunday ekan haqli bir savol tugʻiladi. Nega Oʻzbekiston butun dunyoda bemalol qoʻllanilayotgan huquqiy imkoniyatlardan foydalanish uchun kimdandir ruxsat soʻrashi kerak?
Demak, agar hujjat davlat tilida boʻlmasa, ӯzga til – Pushkin, Dante, Gyote… yoinki Cherchill… – qaysi tilda boʻlishidan qatʼi nazar, muhokama etilmaydi.
Adliya vazirligi tomonidan Oʻzbekistonda 30 yilda birinchi marta davlat qonun hujjatlarida agarda birorta davlat tashkiloti ish yuritishda davlat tili haqidagi qonun hujjatlari talablariga rioya etmasa, oʻsha tashkilotning mansabdor shaxsiga maʼmuriy jarima solinishi haqidagi taklifi davlatning til siyosatidagi muhim qadamidir.
Kezi kelganda “vesti uz”dagi xato fikrlarni toʻtiqushdek qaytarayotgan ayrim hamkasblarimga XVIII-XIX asrda odamlar rus boʻlishini baxtsizlik deb hisoblagan davridagi Rossiya ziyolilarning nafaqat frantsuz tilida yozishga, balki oʻylashga majbur boʻlgani va tili uchun kurashgan ziyolilarining bir qarashda keskin, biroq adolatli fikrlarni eslatmoqchiman.
“Xudoyim, rahm qil! Buni oxiri bormi? Qachongacha maymun boʻlamiz? Tushunishni vaqti kelmadimi? Aqlimizni yigʻishtirib, ibodat qilib, tupurib, frantsuzga: “Irib ket, iblisona obroʻ! Doʻzaxga ket yoki kelgan joyingga, farqi yuq – faqat Rossiyada boʻlma”, deb aytishga”. F. V. Rostopchin. (erkin tarjima)
(“Gospodi pomiluy! da budet li etomu konets? dolgo li nam bit obezyanami? Ne pora li opomnitsya, prinyatsya za um, sotvoriv molitvu i, plyunuv, skazat frantsuzu: „Sgin ti, dyavolskoye navajdeniye! stupay v ad ili vosvoyasi, vse ravno, — tolko ne bud na Rusi””)
Darhaqiqat, Pushkin ham oʻzining ilk poetik tajribalarini bekorga FRANTsUZ TILIDA yozishga majbur boʻlmagan. Garchi rus tili Pushkinga jondek aziz boʻlsa ham… Bugun esa uning nomi bilan davlat mavqei belgilansa ham… Biroq, menga, oddiy oʻzbek farzandiga atoqli shoirimiz aytgan haqiqatlari yaqinroq,yoqimliroq shubhasiz:
Menga Pushkin bir jahonu,
Menga Bayron bir jahon.
Lek Navoiydek bobom bor,
Koʻksi osmon, OʻZBEGIM.
Shunday ekan, til boyligimiz ekanini, uning rivoji uchun birinchi chora uni rivojlantirish bilan bogʻliq yangilikni toʻgʻri tushunish va talqin etishdan boshlanishini yoddan chiqarmaylik.
Xulosa esa oʻzgartirilishi kerak: Bizda jarima Pushkin tiliga emas, balki axborotni notoʻgʻri talqin etayotganlarga bor.

Muxamedjanova, OʻzMTDP raisi oʻrinbosari

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