Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Konstitutsiyasining 53-moddasiga muvofiq xususiy mulk daxlsiz va davlat himoyasidadir. Yakka tartibda uy qurish fuqarolarning uy-joyga boʻlgan talab-ehtiyojlarini qondirishga xizmat qiladi va davlat yakka…
Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Konstitutsiyasining 53-moddasiga muvofiq xususiy mulk daxlsiz va davlat himoyasidadir.
Yakka tartibda uy qurish fuqarolarning uy-joyga boʻlgan talab-ehtiyojlarini qondirishga xizmat qiladi va davlat yakka tartibdagi uy-joy qurilishiga yer uchastkalarini ajratish, uy qurishga ssuda va kreditlar berish yoʻli bilan har taraflama koʻmaklashadi.
Uyga boʻlgan mulk huquqi bilan bogʻliq nizolarga doir ishlarning toʻgʻri hal etilishi fuqarolarning huquqlari va qonun bilan qoʻriqlanadigan manfaatlarini himoya qilishda yakka tartibda uy qurishning belgilangan tartibiga qatʼiy rioya etilishini taʼminlashda, muhim ahamiyatga ega.
Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Fuqarolik kodeksining 212-moddasiga koʻra, qonun hujjatlarida belgilangan tartibda qurilish maqsadlari uchun ajratilmagan yer uchastkalarida, shuningdek imorat qurish uchun zarur ruxsatnoma olmasdan yoki arxitektura va qurilish normalari hamda qoidalarini jiddiy buzgan holda qurilgan uy-joy, boshqa bino, inshoot yoki oʻzga koʻchmas mulk oʻzboshimchalik bilan qurilgan imorat hisoblanadi.
Oʻzboshimchalik bilan imorat qurgan shaxs unga mulk huquqini ololmaydi. Bu shaxs qurgan imoratini tasarruf etishga — sotishga, hadya etishga, ijaraga berishga, imoratga nisbatan boshqa bitimlar tuzishga haqli emas.
Oʻzboshimchalik bilan imorat qurish natijasida huquqlari buzilgan shaxsning yoki tegishli davlat organining daʼvosi bilan bunday imorat sudning qaroriga binoan imoratni qurgan shaxs tomonidan yoki uning hisobidan buzib tashlanishi lozim.
Xush, sud amaliyotida oʻzboshimchalik bilan qurilgan qurilmalarni bartaraf etishning qanday huquqiy asoslari bor degan savol tugʻilishi tabiiy.
Qonun hujjatlarida belgilangan tartibda ajratib berilgan yer uchastkasida oʻzboshimchalik bilan qurilgan imoratga nisbatan mulk huquqini eʼtirof etish toʻgʻrisidagi, shu jumladan ana shunday uyga nisbatan oldi-sotdi, hadya, ayirboshlash, meros olish bilan, shuningdek uyni boʻlish bilan bogʻliq daʼvolar, oʻzboshimchalik bilan imorat qurgan shaxs yoki boshqa manfaatdor shaxs tomonidan taqdim qilinganidan qatʼi nazar, sudlarga taalluqli emas.
Bunday daʼvolar bilan arz qilinganda, sud arizani qabul qilishni rad etadi, agar ish qoʻzgʻatilgan boʻlsa ish yuritishni tugatadi va arizachiga ushbu talab bilan tegishli hokimiyatga murojaat qilish huquqini tushuntiradi.
Ayni vaqtda shuni ham nazarda tutish zarurki, qonun oʻzboshimchalik bilan uy qurgan shaxsning va boshqa manfaatdor shaxsning daʼvolari, agar talab mulk huquqi bilan bogʻliq boʻlmagan, xususan qurilish materiallariga boʻlgan huquqni eʼtirof etish, uyga koʻchirib kiritish, uydan foydalanish tartibini belgilash toʻgʻrisida berilgan boʻlsa, sudlar tomonidan koʻrib chiqilishini istisno etmaydi.
Sudlar ishni koʻrishda uyga boʻlgan mulk huquqini tasdiqlovchi dalillarni (qurilgan uyga boʻlgan mulk huquqi davlat roʻyxatidan oʻtkazilganligi, oldi-sotdi, hadya shartnomasi va shu kabilarni), uyning va yer uchastkasining rejasini taqdim etishni taraflarga taklif qiladi yoki oʻz tashabbusi bilan ularni talab qilib oladi.
Shuningdek, belgilangan tartibda ajratib berilgan yer uchastkasida qurilgan yangi uyga boʻlgan mulk huquqi Fuqarolik kodeksining 210-moddasiga asosan davlat roʻyxatidan oʻtkazilgan paytdan eʼtiboran vujudga keladi.
Uy qurilishi tamom boʻlguniga va davlat roʻyxatidan oʻtkazilguniga qadar uy mahalliy hokimiyat organlarining ruxsatisiz boshqa shaxsga berilishi mumkin emas.
Uyni birgalikda qurayotgan er-xotinning, imorat soluvchining oila aʼzolarining, shuningdek merosxoʻrlarning daʼvosiga koʻra sud qurilishi tugallanmagan uyni, agar uning bitay deb qolganlik darajasini inobatga olib, alohida qilib ajratib berish mumkin boʻlgan qismlarini keyinchalik ularning mazkur shaxslar tomonidan qurilishi oxiriga yetkazilishi texnik imkoniyatlari mavjudligidan kelib chiqqan holda aniqlash mumkin boʻlsa, boʻlishga haqli.
Hokimiyat oʻzboshimchalik bilan qurilgan imorat joylashgan yer uchastkasini daʼvogarga ajratishni rad qilgan taqdirda, sud huquq toʻgʻrisida nizo mavjudligi sababli daʼvogarga rad etish haqidagi qaror ustidan maʼmuriy sud orqali nizolashishga haqli ekanligini tushuntiradi.
Daʼvogarning oʻzboshimchalik bilan qurilgan imorat joylashgan yer uchastkasini ajratishni rad qilish haqidagi hokimiyat qarorini gʻayriqonuniy deb topish haqidagi daʼvosi hamda hokimiyatning ushbu oʻzboshimchalik bilan qurilgan imoratni buzish haqidagi daʼvosi birgalikda koʻrib chiqilishi ham mumkin.
Muxtasar qilib aytganda, oʻzboshimchalik bilan qurilgan imoratga nisbatan tegishli tuman hokimining qarori asosida mulk huquqini qonuniy asoslarda qoʻlga kiritishi, kadastr idorasi tomonidan davlat roʻyxatidan oʻtkazilishi, mulkdor oʻz huquqlarini amalga oshirishda boshqa shaxslarning huquqlarini va qonun bilan qoʻriqlanadigan manfaatlarini buzmasligi, har kim qonuniy asoslarda mulkdor boʻlishi maqsadga muvofiq hisoblanadi.
Baxodir Djumayev
Surxondaryo viloyat sudi raisi oʻrinbosari – fuqarolik ishlari boʻyicha sudlov hayʼati raisi
Asqar Qudratov
Surxondaryo viloyat sudi jamoatchilik va OAV bilan aloqalar boʻlimi bosh konsultanti
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