Pnevmoniya avloddan-avlodga oʻtishi mumkinmi?

Bronxial astma, angina va pnevmoniya xastaliklari borasidagi savollarimizga Respublika ixtisoslashtirilgan ftiziatriya va pulmonologiya ilmiy-amaliy tibbiyot markazi bosh shifokori Nodir SOTIBOLDIYeV javob beradi:

— Agar bu kasalliklarga qarshi vaqtida davo choralari qoʻllanilmasa, qanday oqibatlarga olib kelishi mumkin?

— Bronxial astma, angina yoki pnevmoniya toʻgʻri davolanmasa, ogʻir nafas yetishmovchiligi kasalliklari yoki sepsis holatlari, hatto ayrim vaziyatlarda oʻlim holatlari ham kuzatilishi mumkin.

Masalan, angina ogʻriganda oʻz vaqtida tibbiy yordam koʻrsatilmasligi boʻgʻim va yurak kasalliklariga sabab boʻladi. Bunga qarshi birinchi profilaktik chora — aholi orasida niqob taqib yurishdir. Virusli “atipik” pnevmoniyalarni kamaytirish uchun esa vaktsinatsiya eng maqbul choradir.

— Ushbu kasalliklar avloddan avlodga oʻtishi mumkinmi?

— Barcha pulmonologik kasalliklar ham nasldan naslga oʻtmaydi. Nasl suradigan kasalliklar guruhiga mukovictsidoz, bronxial astma va boshqa allergik kasalliklar kiradi.

Jumladan, oilada ota yoki ona bronxial astma bilan kasallangan boʻlsa, bolaning xastalikka chalinish ehtimoli 20-30 foizni, agar har ikkisi (ota va ona) kasallangan boʻlsa, bu koʻrsatkich 75 foizni tashkil etishi mumkin. Ushbu holat onaning homiladorlik davrida kechsa, xavf yanada ortishi taxmin qilinadi.

Respirator infektsion kasalliklar nasldan naslga oʻtmaydi. Ular kelib chiqishiga koʻra, organizm immun tizimi sustligi, mikroorganizmlar miqdori va ularning virulentligi (mikroorganizmlarning kasallik qoʻzgʻatishi) yuqori boʻlishiga bogʻliq.

Hozirgi paytda nafas aʼzolari kasalliklarining asosiy qismini bronxial astma, surunkali obstruktiv oʻpka kasalligi va pnevmoniya tashkil kiladi. Dunyo boʻyicha bronxial astma aholi orasida oʻrtacha 5 foiz hollarda uchraydi, bu koʻrsatkich bolalar oʻrtasida yanada yuqori — oʻrtacha 10 foiz.

Surunkali obstruktiv oʻpka kasalligi esa dunyo boʻyicha kasallanish va oʻlim koʻrsatkichlarining asosiy sabablaridan biriga aylanib bormoqda.

Infektsion kasalliklar orasida oʻlim sabablari koʻrsatkichi boʻyicha pnevmoniya birinchi oʻrinni va umumiy oʻlim koʻrsatkichi sabablari boʻyicha oltinchi oʻrinni egallaydi.

Pandemiya shuni koʻrsatmoqdaki, nafas organlari kasallikka moyil kishilar oʻz sogʻliqlariga jiddiy eʼtibor qaratishlari shart.

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